Ngā Hua
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Pūoko Konupūmā CS6718A Pūoko Konupūmā Pūhaumāota Hauhā
Ko te irahiko konupūmā he irahiko whiriwhiri irahiko PVC tairongo ki te katote konupūmā me te tote whākawa waro hei rauemi hohe, e whakamahia ana hei ine i te kukū o ngā katote Ca2+ i roto i te otinga.
Te Whakamahinga o te Konupūmā Ion: He tikanga whai hua te tikanga hiko whiriwhiri konupūmā ion hei whakatau i te ihirangi konupūmā ion i roto i te tauira. He maha hoki te whakamahinga o te hiko whiriwhiri konupūmā ion i roto i ngā taputapu ipurangi, pērā i te aroturukitanga ihirangi konupūmā ion ion i runga ipurangi ā-umanga, he ngāwari te ine i te hiko whiriwhiri konupūmā ion, he tere, he tika hoki te urupare, ā, ka taea te whakamahi me ngā mita pH me te ion me ngā tātari konupūmā ion ipurangi. Ka whakamahia hoki i roto i ngā taputapu kite hiko whiriwhiri ion o ngā tātari irahiko me ngā tātari rere.
Tikanga irahiko whiriwhiri konupūmā hei whakatau i ngā irahiko konupūmā i roto i te maimoatanga wai whāngai o te pōro mamaoa pēhanga-tiketike i roto i ngā tipu hiko me ngā tipu hiko mamaoa, tikanga irahiko whiriwhiri konupūmā hei whakatau i ngā irahiko konupūmā i roto i te wai kohuke, te wai inu, te wai mata, me te wai moana, tikanga irahiko whiriwhiri konupūmā hei whakatau i ngā irahiko konupūmā i roto i te tī, te honi, te kai, te paura miraka me ētahi atu hua ahuwhenua: whakatau i ngā irahiko konupūmā i roto i te huware, te toto, te mimi me ētahi atu tauira koiora.
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Aroturuki Pakari (Konupūmā Ion) W8088CA
Ko te aroturuki katote ā-ipurangi ahumahi he taputapu aroturuki me te whakahaere kounga wai ā-ipurangi e hangai ana ki te tukatuka iti. He maha ngā momo irahiko whiriwhiri-katote e whakamahia whānuitia ana i roto i ngā tipu hiko, ngā matū hinu, te whakarewa, ngā hikohiko, te keri maina, te hanga pepa, te hangarau whakapūkara koiora, ngā rongoā, te kai me te inu, me te maimoatanga wai taiao. Ka taea te aroturuki tonu me te whakahaere i ngā kukū katote i roto i ngā otinga wai. -
Pūoko Ātete Hauhā CS6710
Ko te irahiko whiriwhiri katote fluoride he irahiko whiriwhiri e tairongo ana ki te kukū o te katote fluoride, ko te mea tino noa ko te irahiko fluoride lanthanum.
Ko te hikohiko fluoride lanthanum he pūoko i hangaia mai i te karaihe kotahi fluoride lanthanum kua pania ki te fluoride europium me ngā kōhao whatunga hei rauemi matua. Kei tēnei kiriata tioata ngā āhuatanga o te hekenga o te katote fluoride i roto i ngā kōhao whatunga.
Nō reira, he tino pai te kawe irahiko. Mā te whakamahi i tēnei kiriuhi tioata, ka taea te hanga i te hiko irahiko fluoride mā te wehewehe i ngā otinga irahiko fluoride e rua. Ko te tauwehenga whiriwhiri o te pūoko irahiko fluoride he 1.
Ā, kāore rawa he kōwhiringa mō ētahi atu iona i roto i te otinga. Ko te iona anake he kaha te whakararuraru ko te OH-, ka tauhohe ki te lanthanum fluoride, ā, ka pā ki te whakatau i ngā iona fluoride. Heoi, ka taea te whakarerekē kia mōhio ai koe ki te pH tauira <7 hei karo i tēnei whakararuraru. -
Irahiko Nitrate CS6520
Kei te wātea ā mātou irahiko whiriwhiri katote (ISE) i roto i ngā āhua me ngā roa maha hei whakauru i te whānuitanga o ngā tono.
Kua hangaia ēnei Irahiko Kōwhiringa Ā-Iona kia mahi tahi me tētahi mita pH/mV hou, mita ISE/kukū, me ngā taputapu ipurangi e tika ana.
Ko te hikohiko whiriwhiri-katote nitrite (ISE) he pūoko tātari motuhake i hangaia mō te ine tika i te kukū o te katote nitrite (NO₂⁻) i roto i ngā wairewa wai. He taputapu nui tēnei i roto i te aroturuki taiao, te maimoatanga wai, te haumaru kai, me te pūtaiao ahuwhenua, ko ngā taumata nitrite te tohu matua o te parahanga wai, te whakahaere tukanga i roto i te whakakorenga nitrite o te wai para, me te kounga tiaki kai. -
CS6720 Irahiko hauota
Kei te wātea ā mātou irahiko whiriwhiri katote (ISE) i roto i ngā āhua me ngā roa maha hei whakauru i te whānuitanga o ngā tono.
Kua hangaia ēnei Irahiko Kōwhiringa Ā-Iona kia mahi tahi me tētahi mita pH/mV hou, mita ISE/kukū, me ngā taputapu ipurangi e tika ana. -
CS6521 Irahiko nitrite
Ko te hikohiko whiriwhiri-katote nitrite (ISE) he pūoko tātari motuhake i hangaia mō te ine tika i te kukū o te katote nitrite (NO₂⁻) i roto i ngā wairewa wai. He taputapu nui tēnei i roto i te aroturuki taiao, te maimoatanga wai, te haumaru kai, me te pūtaiao ahuwhenua, ko ngā taumata nitrite te tohu matua o te parahanga wai, te whakahaere tukanga i roto i te whakakorenga nitrite o te wai para, me te kounga tiaki kai.
Ko te uho o te ISE nitrite hou he kiriuhi pūmua, he tinana pūoko totoka tioata rānei kua whakakiia ki te ionophore whiriwhiri-nitrite. Ka herea motuhake e tēnei wāhanga matū motuhake ngā katote nitrite, ka hangaia he rerekētanga pūmanawa puta noa i te kiriuhi e pā ana ki te hiko tohutoro ā-roto pumau. Ko tēnei ngaohiko ine he rite tonu ki te mahi (me te kukū) o ngā katote nitrite i roto i te tauira e ai ki te whārite Nernst.
Ko tētahi painga nui o te nitrite ISE ko tōna kaha ki te whakarato tātari tere, wā-tūturu, me te kore e hiahiatia he whakaritenga tauira uaua, he tauhohenga tae rānei e hiahiatia ana e ngā tikanga tuku iho pēnei i te whakamātautau Griess. Kua hangaia ngā irahiko hou mō te whakamahinga i runga i te papa taiwhanga me te whakaurunga ki ngā pūnaha aroturuki tonu ipurangi. Heoi, he mea nui te whakatikatika tupato puta noa i te whānuitanga ine e hiahiatia ana me te mōhio ki ngā pokanoa pea mai i ngā katote pēnei i te chloride, te nitrate rānei (i runga i te whiriwhiringa o te membrane) kia whiwhi hua tika ai. Ina whakamahia tika, ka tukuna he otinga pakari, utu-pai mō te ine motuhake, auau o te nitrite.
Kei te wātea ā mātou irahiko whiriwhiri katote (ISE) i roto i ngā āhua me ngā roa maha hei whakauru i te whānuitanga o ngā tono.
Kua hangaia ēnei Irahiko Kōwhiringa Ā-Iona kia mahi tahi me tētahi mita pH/mV hou, mita ISE/kukū, me ngā taputapu ipurangi e tika ana. -
Pūoko Ion Pāhare pākawa CS6512
He tikanga whai hua te irahiko whiriwhiri irahiko pāhare pākawa hei ine i te ihirangi irahiko pāhare pākawa i roto i te tauira. He maha hoki ngā wā ka whakamahia ngā irahiko whiriwhiri irahiko pāhare pākawa i roto i ngā taputapu ipurangi, pērā i te aroturukitanga ihirangi irahiko pāhare pākawa ā-ipurangi ahumahi. , He ngāwari te ine i ngā painga o te irahiko whiriwhiri irahiko pāhare pākawa, he tere, he tika hoki te urupare. Ka taea te whakamahi me te mita PH, te mita irahiko me te tātari irahiko pāhare pākawa ipurangi, ā, ka whakamahia hoki i roto i te tātari irahiko, me te kite irahiko whiriwhiri irahiko o te tātari rere. -
Pūoko Ion Pāhare pākawa CS6712
He tikanga whai hua te irahiko whiriwhiri irahiko pāhare pākawa hei ine i te ihirangi irahiko pāhare pākawa i roto i te tauira. He maha hoki ngā wā ka whakamahia ngā irahiko whiriwhiri irahiko pāhare pākawa i roto i ngā taputapu ipurangi, pērā i te aroturukitanga ihirangi irahiko pāhare pākawa ā-ipurangi ahumahi. , He ngāwari te ine i ngā painga o te irahiko whiriwhiri irahiko pāhare pākawa, he tere, he tika hoki te urupare. Ka taea te whakamahi me te mita PH, te mita irahiko me te tātari irahiko pāhare pākawa ipurangi, ā, ka whakamahia hoki i roto i te tātari irahiko, me te kite irahiko whiriwhiri irahiko o te tātari rere. -
Tukunga Kukū Ātete Hauhā Ā-ipurangi Ahumahi T6510
Ko te mita ion ā-ipurangi ahumahi he taputapu aroturuki me te whakahaere kounga wai ā-ipurangi me te tukatuka iti. Ka taea te whakauru ki te ion.
he pūoko whiriwhiri o te Fluoride, te Chloride, te Ca2+, te K+, te NO3-, te NO2-, te NH4+, me ētahi atu. He whānuitia te whakamahinga o te taputapu i roto i ngā wai para ahumahi, te wai mata, te wai inu, te wai moana, me ngā katote whakahaere tukanga ahumahi i runga ipurangi, whakamātautau me te tātari aunoa, me ētahi atu. Aroturuki tonu me te whakahaere i te kukū me te pāmahana o te wairewa wai. -
Irahiko Whiriwhiri Nitrate Ion mō te Aroturukitanga Maimoatanga Wai Para CS6720
He maha ngā painga o ā mātou Irahiko Kōwhiringa Āiona i runga i ngā tikanga tae-ira, tikanga taumaha-ira, me ētahi atu tikanga:
Ka taea te whakamahi i ēnei mai i te 0.1 ki te 10,000 ppm.
He ātete ngā tinana hiko ISE ki te ru, ā, he ātete hoki ki ngā matū.
Kia oti te whakatikatika i ngā Irahiko Kōwhiringa Āiona, ka taea e rātou te aro turuki tonu i te kukū me te tātari i te tauira i roto i te 1 ki te 2 meneti.
Ka taea te whakanoho tika i ngā Irahiko Kōwhiringa Ātome ki roto i te tauira, me te kore e tukatukahia te tauira i mua, e whakangaromia rānei.
Ko te mea pai rawa atu, he iti te utu o ngā Irahiko Tīpako Ā-Iona, ā, he taputapu tātari pai hoki mō te tautuhi i ngā tote rewa i roto i ngā tauira. -
T4010 Kaitātari Kōwhiringa Āiona Ipurangi
He taputapu aunoa matatau te Kaitātari Kōwhiringa Āiona Ipurangi (ISA) i hangaia mō te aroturuki tonu, i te wā-tūturu o ngā kukū āiona motuhake i roto i ngā tauira wai. E whakamahia ana i roto i te whakahaere tukanga ahumahi, te tiaki taiao, me ngā whare maimoatanga wai/para wai, e whakarato ana i ngā raraunga tino nui me te kore e whakaroa i te tango tauira ā-ringa i roto i te taiwhanga.
Ka whakamahia e te pūtake o te pūnaha ngā irahiko whiriwhiri-katote (ISE), e whakaputa ana i tētahi tohu ngaohiko e rite ana ki te ngohe (kukū) o tētahi irahiko ūnga, pērā i te ammonium (NH₄⁺), te nitrate (NO₃⁻), te fluoride (F⁻), te pāhare pākawa rānei (K⁺). Ka aunoatia e te tātaritanga whakauru te tukanga katoa: ka tangohia he tauira i ia wā, ka whakatikatika (hei tauira, ka whakatika i te pH, ka tāpiri rānei i ngā whakatikatika kaha irahiko), ka ine i te pūmanawa irahiko, ā, ka tatau i te kukū i runga i tētahi pihi whakatikatika kua utaina i mua. Kei roto i ngā tauira matatau ngā āheinga maha-hongere mō te aroturuki i ētahi irahiko i te wā kotahi, me ngā tikanga horoi-ake, te whakatikatika aunoa, me te takiuru raraunga.
Ko ngā painga matua o te Kaitātari Kōwhiringa Ion Ipurangi ko tōna kaha ki te tuku urupare inamata, ka taea ai te arotau i te tukanga me te kite tonu i ngā huringa tawhā. Mā tēnei ka whakarite i te kounga hua pumau i roto i ngā ahumahi pēnei i ngā matū me ngā rongoā, ka āwhina i te tutuki i ngā here tukunga taiao, ā, ka whakarei ake i te whai huatanga me te haumaru o ngā mahi maimoatanga wai mā te whakarato i tētahi aromatawai pono, 24/7 o ngā tawhā kounga wai nui.
Ko te mita ion ā-ipurangi ahumahi he taputapu aroturuki me te whakahaere kounga wai ā-ipurangi me te tukatuka iti. Ka taea te whakauru ki te ion.
pūoko whiriwhiri o te Fluoride, te Chloride, te Ca2+, te K+, te NO3-, te NO2-, te NH4+, me ētahi atu. -
Ine Ā-Ipurangi T6010
Ko te mita ion ipurangi ahumahi he taputapu aroturuki me te whakahaere kounga wai ipurangi me te tukatuka iti. Ka taea te whakauru ki te pūoko whiriwhiri ion o te Fluoride, Chloride, Ca2+, K+,
Ko te NO3-, NO2-, NH4+, me ētahi atu. he mita anaro atamai ipurangi hou i whakawhanakehia, i hangaia hoki e tā mātou kamupene. Ko ngā mahi katoa, te mahi pumau, te whakahaere ngāwari, te iti o te whakamahinga hiko, te haumaru me te pono ko ngā painga nui o tēnei taputapu.
Ka whakamahia e tēnei taputapu ngā irahiko katote anaro ōrite, ka taea te whakamahi whānui i ngā kaupapa ahumahi pēnei i te whakaputa hiko wera, te ahumahi matū, te mahi whakarewa, te tiaki taiao, te rongoā, te matū koiora, te kai me te wai puna. -
Ine Ā-Ipurangi T6510
Ko te mita ion ā-ipurangi ahumahi he taputapu aroturuki me te whakahaere kounga wai ā-ipurangi me te tukatuka iti. Ka taea te whakauru ki te ion.
he pūoko whiriwhiri o te Fluoride, te Chloride, te Ca2+, te K+, te NO3-, te NO2-, te NH4+, me ētahi atu. He whānuitia te whakamahinga o te taputapu i roto i ngā wai para ahumahi, te wai mata, te wai inu, te wai moana, me ngā katote whakahaere tukanga ahumahi i runga ipurangi, whakamātautau me te tātari aunoa, me ētahi atu. Aroturuki tonu me te whakahaere i te kukū me te pāmahana o te wairewa wai. -
Pūoko Āmoniuma CS6514
Ko te irahiko whiriwhiri iona he momo pūoko hikohiko e whakamahi ana i te pūmanawa membrane hei ine i te ngohe, i te kukū rānei o ngā iona i roto i te otinga. Ina pā atu ki te otinga kei roto ngā iona hei ine, ka puta he pā ki te pūoko i te atanga i waenga i tōna membrane tairongo me te otinga. He hononga tika te ngohe iona ki te pūmanawa membrane. Ka kiia hoki ngā irahiko whiriwhiri iona he irahiko membrane. He membrane irahiko motuhake tō tēnei momo irahiko e aro ana ki ngā iona motuhake. Ko te whanaungatanga i waenga i te pūmanawa o te membrane irahiko me te ihirangi iona hei ine ka rite ki te tātai Nernst. He āhuatanga tō tēnei momo irahiko o te whiriwhiri pai me te wā taurite poto, koia te irahiko tohu e whakamahia whānuitia ana mō te tātari pūmanawa. -
Pūoko Āmoniuma CS6714
Ko te irahiko whiriwhiri iona he momo pūoko hikohiko e whakamahi ana i te pūmanawa membrane hei ine i te ngohe, i te kukū rānei o ngā iona i roto i te otinga. Ina pā atu ki te otinga kei roto ngā iona hei ine, ka puta he pā ki te pūoko i te atanga i waenga i tōna membrane tairongo me te otinga. He hononga tika te ngohe iona ki te pūmanawa membrane. Ka kiia hoki ngā irahiko whiriwhiri iona he irahiko membrane. He membrane irahiko motuhake tō tēnei momo irahiko e aro ana ki ngā iona motuhake. Ko te whanaungatanga i waenga i te pūmanawa o te membrane irahiko me te ihirangi iona hei ine ka rite ki te tātai Nernst. He āhuatanga tō tēnei momo irahiko o te whiriwhiri pai me te wā taurite poto, koia te irahiko tohu e whakamahia whānuitia ana mō te tātari pūmanawa.